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Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring
BASELINE FHR The normal FHR range is between 120 and 160 beats per minute (bpm). The baseline ra...
Hyperthyroidism
Symptoms and signs Signs of hypermetabolic state: restlessness, tachycardia, diaphoresis, hyper-...
Hypothyroidism
Definition Primary Hypothyroidism: High TSH and Low T4 Secondary (central) Hypothyroidism: Low ...
Hypophosphatemia
Evaluation: Serum phosphorus levels should be interpreted with concomitant evaluations of PTH, ...
Hypocalcemia
Evaluation: verify with repeat measurement that there is a true decrease in the serum calcium c...
Hypercalcemia
Evaluation: verify with repeat measurement that there is a true increase in the serum calcium c...
Medication in Obstetrics
Minimize all medication use during pregnancy (especially in 1st TM), unless clearly indicated! F...
ER precautions in Term Pregnancy
Regular painful contraction every 5 minutes (nulliparous) or every 10 minutes (multiparous), or s...
Twins
At risk for hyperemesis, GDM, HTN, hemorrhage, cesaeran, postpartum depression, preeclampsia, pre...
Post Dates Management
Review gestational dating AFI/BPP and NST at 41 weeks and repeat once to twice a week Consider ...
Vaginal birth after Cesarean
Appropriate candidates Hx 1-2 C-section via low transverse hysterotomy. Inappropriate candidat...
Recurrent Pregnancy Loss
Definition 3 or more consecutive preg losses before 20wk gest or after 2 consecutive losses, esp...
Bishop Score
The Bishop score may be used to rate the readiness of the cervix for labor. Scores ≤ 5 suggest ...
Laboratory Values in Pregnancy
Lab values in Pregnancy
Biophysical Profile
Scoring: The non stress test (2), fetal breathing movement (2), Fetal tone (2), Fetal movement (2...
Contraction Stress Test
The contraction stress test is interpreted by the presence or absence of late fetal heart rate de...
Nonstress Testing
Contraindications: Gestational age <24 weeks Interpretation: >32 weeksReactive NST: two fetal ...
Intrauterine Growth Restriction
Definition Sonographic EFW <10th percentile Etiology Maternal factor: Behavioral (smoking, sub...
Fetal Well-Being
These are ways used to establish fetal well being: Fetal movement count Non-stress test Contra...
AMS
Causes CNS insults, Systemic Infections, Metabolic Disturbances, Toxin Exposure, Medications, Ch...