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What is AKI? According to The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO), which it the mo...

Pathophysiology: Scattered, nonhomogeneous alveolar damage that leads to oxygenation (V/Q mismat...

General Principles Initiate empiric therapy based on severity of illness, likely pathogen, likel...

Packed red blood cells (PRBC): - Consent: Always consent the patient or family member for transf...

Sickled cells occlude arterioles and cause tissue infarction, resulting in recurrent painful epis...

 3 Histological Stages Simple steatosis (usually reversible w/ abstinence in 4-6 wks) Steatohep...

Definition indicates inflammation of the pancreas. Acute pancreatitis: results from the leakage...

Definition SBP is a bacterial infection of the ascitic fluid. Diagnosis: PMN count >= 250 cell...

Definition Accumulation of peritoneal fluid Symptoms Abdominal Distention and discomfort Anor...

Etiology The site of bleeding is only suggested by the patient’s presentation and physical exami...

Syncope Rapid onset of transient loss of consciousness Inability to maintain postural tone It ...

Rates Normal: 60-100 bpm Tachycardia: > 100 bpm Bradycardia: < 60 bpm Readings Count the n...

Definition Serum Mg++ >2.3 mg/dL Etiology: Insufficient excretion due to CKD Iatrogenic/exces...

Evaluation/Management Assess patients at bedside. Look for any injury; any locality on exam must...

Does the patient have altered mental status or is he/she upset over something? If there is any...

Normal urine output - typically at least 0.5 cc/kg/hr. - Oliguria: urine output < 400cc/day- Anu...

Differential - Infection (lung, heart, brain, urine, sinuses, prostate, abdomen, skin, joints, l...

If you need to take a sick day, PTO, and other emergencies, please contact our program coordinato...

I. DDx (Biggest killers) MI : Dull pressure pain associated with dyspnea, diaphoresis, radiatio...

Definition Chronic HTN: SBP greater equal to 140 or DBP greater equal to 90 prior to 20 weeks or...